diff --git a/rfcs/draft-gilmore-taht-v4uniext.txt b/rfcs/draft-gilmore-taht-v4uniext.txt index 1148218..7fd1c0c 100644 --- a/rfcs/draft-gilmore-taht-v4uniext.txt +++ b/rfcs/draft-gilmore-taht-v4uniext.txt @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Internet Area Working Group J. Gilmore Internet-Draft Electronic Frontier Foundation Updates: 2827, 6890 (if approved) D. Taeht Intended status: Best Current Practice TekLibre -Expires: August 26, 2019 February 22, 2019 +Expires: August 30, 2019 February 26, 2019 IPv4 Unicast Extensions @@ -14,6 +14,12 @@ Expires: August 26, 2019 February 22, 2019 Abstract + Editor's note: This draft is a _WIP_. Please do not recirculate. + Please! Feel free to join us in testing a ton of patches and + equipment and help out at: https://github.com/dtaht/ipv4-cleanup + [1] + Thank you! + Unicast addresses are the most successful and most useful kind of addresses in the Internet Protocol (IP). Non-unicast portions have been allocated greater space than their usage requires, including @@ -42,22 +48,21 @@ Status of This Memo time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." - This Internet-Draft will expire on August 26, 2019. + This Internet-Draft will expire on August 30, 2019. + + + + +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 1] + +Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 + Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. - - - - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 1] - -Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 - - This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of @@ -101,19 +106,19 @@ Table of Contents 8.2. Address Range: 127/8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 8.3. Address Range: 225/8 through 231/8 . . . . . . . . . . . 17 8.4. Address Range: 240/4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + + + +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 2] + +Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 + + 8.5. Routing to extended unicast networks . . . . . . . . . . 18 8.6. Zeroth and final addresses in subnets . . . . . . . . . . 18 9. Related Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 11. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 - - - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 2] - -Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 - - 12. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 13. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 13.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 @@ -158,18 +163,17 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 concatenated network of diversely implemented underlying networks, connected by simple and relatively memoryless gateways. - The IP address, then expressed in x.x.x.x notation, could be used to - specify both a particular network and a Host address on that network. - There were several different classes of IP address, each having - different numbers of bits allocated for the network # and address - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 3] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 3] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 + The IP address, then expressed in x.x.x.x notation, could be used to + specify both a particular network and a Host address on that network. + There were several different classes of IP address, each having + different numbers of bits allocated for the network # and address within that network. Class A networks used 8 bits for network # and allowed 24 bits for address-on-that-network. The ARPANET addresses could be encoded into 24 bits. So, for ARPANET (and some of its @@ -214,18 +218,17 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 "unicast", stating: "In this paper, we describe a model of multicast service we call host groups and propose this model as a way to support multicast in the DARPA Internet environment. We argue that - it is feasible to implement this facility as an extension of the - existing 'unicast' IP datagram model and mechanism." - - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 4] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 4] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 + it is feasible to implement this facility as an extension of the + existing 'unicast' IP datagram model and mechanism." + 1/8th of the 32-bit address space was left as "reserved for future use", and a few other 256ths were reserved for simple protocol functions or for future use in [RFC0791] (section 3.2) and [RFC0796]. @@ -271,17 +274,17 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 Initially, subnets were only used "locally". The global Internet routing infrastructure still only knew how to route to Class A, B, and C networks. Local equipment in each such network could route - locally to any local subnets, such as multiple Ethernets on a - university campus. - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 5] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 5] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 + locally to any local subnets, such as multiple Ethernets on a + university campus. + Also in 1984, broadcast addresses were added to IPv4 by [RFC0919], and [RFC0922]. This required reserving one IPv4 address within each and every network or subnet (the final address in that network or @@ -330,10 +333,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 - - - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 6] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 6] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 7] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 7] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 8] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 8] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 9] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 9] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -557,7 +557,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 10] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 10] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 11] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 11] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 12] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 12] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 13] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 13] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -781,7 +781,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 14] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 14] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 15] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 15] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -893,7 +893,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 16] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 16] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -910,20 +910,22 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 8.1. Address Range: 0/8 No implementation is currently known to allow the unicast use of 0/8. - However, small Linux kernel patches provide this function. + However, small Linux and FreeBSD kernel patches provide this + function. 8.2. Address Range: 127/8 No implementation is currently known to allow the unicast use of - 127/8. There are preliminary Linux kernel patches that still have - some remaining issues. In addition, system configuration scripts - that configure the internal "loopback interface" probably need - modification. + 127/8. There are preliminary Linux and FreeBSD kernel patches. TP + uses 127.127 for the clock interface. In addition, system + configuration scripts that configure the internal "loopback + interface" probably need modification. 8.3. Address Range: 225/8 through 231/8 No implementation is currently known to allow the unicast use of 0/8. - However, small Linux kernel patches provide this function. + However, small Linux and FreeBSD kernel patches provide this + function. 8.4. Address Range: 240/4 @@ -933,27 +935,29 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 approximately 2008. There are some issues with parts of BSD network stack that treat Class-E addresses as "invalid". There are also cases of translation (NAT64) where checks reject Class-E addresses - and need small fixes. Four out of the top 5 open source IoT stacks - already treat 240/4 as unicast, with a 3 line patch awaiting - submission for the fifth. + and need small fixes. In both cases we have the patches under review + for FreeBSD. Four out of the top 5 open source IoT stacks already + treat 240/4 as unicast, with a 3 line patch awaiting submission for + the fifth. Some deployments of the BIND Domain Name System implementation (e.g. Debian) override the reverse DNS for 255.in-addr.arpa. with a local empty domain, and do not forward requests for those addresses. These packages will require revision. - Recent versions of Microsoft Windows will not accept nor forward any - packet with either a source or destination address in 240/4. Nor - will they assign an interface address in this range, if one is - offered via DHCP. No plans have been announced for modifications to -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 17] + +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 17] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 + Recent versions of Microsoft Windows will not accept nor forward any + packet with either a source or destination address in 240/4. Nor + will they assign an interface address in this range, if one is + offered via DHCP. No plans have been announced for modifications to any version of Microsoft Windows. Windows developers are aware of the work required, and are considering it for a future version. @@ -1001,11 +1005,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 - - - - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 18] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 18] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -1034,9 +1034,9 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 240.0.0.0/4 and 0.0.0.0/8 move from the "special purpose" registry (https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv4-special-registry/iana- - ipv4-special-registry.xhtml [1]) and are added to the regular "ipv4- + ipv4-special-registry.xhtml [2]) and are added to the regular "ipv4- address-space" registry ( https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4- - address-space/ipv4-address-space.xhtml) [2] + address-space/ipv4-address-space.xhtml) [3] 0.0.0.0/32 and 127.0.0.0/16 should be added to the special purpose registry. @@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 19] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 19] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 20] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 20] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -1173,7 +1173,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 21] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 21] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -1229,7 +1229,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 22] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 22] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -1285,7 +1285,7 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 23] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 23] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -1325,10 +1325,12 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 13.3. URIs - [1] https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv4-special-registry/iana- + [1] https://github.com/dtaht/ipv4-cleanup + + [2] https://www.iana.org/assignments/iana-ipv4-special-registry/iana- ipv4-special-registry.xhtml - [2] https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space/ipv4-address- + [3] https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space/ipv4-address- space.xhtml) Authors' Addresses @@ -1339,9 +1341,7 @@ Authors' Addresses - - -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 24] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 24] Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 @@ -1397,4 +1397,4 @@ Internet-Draft v4unicast-ext February 2019 -Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 26, 2019 [Page 25] +Gilmore & Taeht Expires August 30, 2019 [Page 25]