Route refresh in tables uses a stale counter.

Until now, we were marking routes as REF_STALE and REF_DISCARD to
cleanup old routes after route refresh. This needed a synchronous route
table walk at both beginning and the end of route refresh routine,
marking the routes by the flags.

We avoid these walks by using a stale counter. Every route contains:
  u8 stale_cycle;
Every import hook contains:
  u8 stale_set;
  u8 stale_valid;
  u8 stale_pruned;
  u8 stale_pruning;

In base_state, stale_set == stale_valid == stale_pruned == stale_pruning
and all routes' stale_cycle also have the same value.

The route refresh looks like follows:
+ ----------- + --------- + ----------- + ------------- + ------------ +
|             | stale_set | stale_valid | stale_pruning | stale_pruned |
| Base        |     x     |      x      |        x      |       x      |
| Begin       |    x+1    |      x      |        x      |       x      |
  ... now routes are being inserted with stale_cycle == (x+1)
| End         |    x+1    |     x+1     |        x      |       x      |
  ... now table pruning routine is scheduled
| Prune begin |    x+1    |     x+1     |       x+1     |       x      |
  ... now routes with stale_cycle not between stale_set and stale_valid
      are deleted
| Prune end   |    x+1    |     x+1     |       x+1     |      x+1     |
+ ----------- + --------- + ----------- + ------------- + ------------ +

The pruning routine is asynchronous and may have high latency in
high-load environments. Therefore, multiple route refresh requests may
happen before the pruning routine starts, leading to this situation:

| Prune begin |    x+k    |     x+k     |    x -> x+k   |       x      |
  ... or even
| Prune begin |   x+k+1   |     x+k     |    x -> x+k   |       x      |
  ... if the prune event starts while another route refresh is running.

In such a case, the pruning routine still deletes routes not fitting
between stale_set and and stale_valid, effectively pruning the remnants
of all unpruned route refreshes from before:

| Prune end   |    x+k    |     x+k     |       x+k     |      x+k     |

In extremely rare cases, there may happen too many route refreshes
before any route prune routine finishes. If the difference between
stale_valid and stale_pruned becomes more than 128 when requesting for
another route refresh, the routine walks the table synchronously and
resets all the stale values to a base state, while logging a warning.

lib/route.h

@@ -29,11 +29,10 @@ typedef struct rte {
   u8 generation;			/* If this route import is based on other previously exported route,
 					   this value should be 1 + MAX(generation of the parent routes).
 					   Otherwise the route is independent and this value is zero. */
+  u8 stale_cycle;			/* Auxiliary value for route refresh */
 } rte;
 
 #define REF_FILTERED	2		/* Route is rejected by import filter */
-#define REF_STALE	4		/* Route is stale in a refresh cycle */
-#define REF_DISCARD	8		/* Route is scheduled for discard */
 #define REF_MODIFY	16		/* Route is scheduled for modify */
 #define REF_PENDING	32		/* Route has not propagated completely yet */