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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../routing/index.html">Routing Protocols</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../streams.html">Traffic Streams</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../streams.html#bng-blaster-traffic">BNG Blaster Traffic</a></li>
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<section id="architecture">
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<h1>Architecture<a class="headerlink" href="#architecture" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
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<p>The BNG Blaster has been completely built from scratch in <strong>C</strong>. This includes user-space implementations
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of the entire protocol stack. Its core is based on a very simple event loop that serves timers and
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signals. The timers have been built using a lightweight constant time (<em>O(1)</em>) library. The timer library
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was built to start, restart and delete the protocol session FSM timers quickly and at scale.</p>
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<p>The BNG Blaster expects a Linux kernel network interface that is up but not configured with any IP addresses
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or VLAN as it expects to receive and transmit RAW ethernet packets.</p>
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<p>The BNG Blaster does I/O using high-speed polling timers with a mix of Linux
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<a class="reference external" href="https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/packet.7.html">RAW Packet Sockets</a> and
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<a class="reference external" href="https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/networking/packet_mmap.html">Packet MMAP</a>.</p>
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<p>The second one is a so-called PACKET_RX_RING/PACKET_TX_RING abstraction where a user-space program gets a fast
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lane into reading and writing to kernel interfaces using a shared ring buffer. The shared ring buffer is a
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memory-mapped window shared between the kernel and the user space. This low overhead abstraction allows us to
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transmit and receive traffic without doing expensive system calls. Sending and transmitting traffic via Packet MMAP is
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as easy as copying a packet into a buffer and setting a flag.</p>
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<img alt="BNG Blaster Architecture" src="../_images/bbl_arch.png" />
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<p>The BNG Blaster supports many configurable I/O modes listed with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bngblaster</span> <span class="pre">-v</span></code> but except for the default
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mode <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">packet_mmap_raw</span></code> all other modes are currently considered experimental. In the default mode, all
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packets are received in a Packet MMAP ring buffer and sent through RAW packet sockets. This combination
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was the most efficient in our benchmark tests.</p>
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<p>BNG Blaster’s primary design goal is to simulate thousands of subscriber CPE’s with a small hardware resource
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footprint. Simple to use and easy to integrate into our robot test automation infrastructure. This allows for
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the simulation of massive PPPoE or IPoE (DHCP) subscribers including IPTV, traffic verification, and convergence
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testing from a single medium-scale virtual machine or directly from a laptop.</p>
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<p>The BNG Blaster provides three types of interface functions. The first interface function is called the access which
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emulates the PPPoE or IPoE sessions. The second interface function is called network. This is used for
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emulating the core-facing side of the internet with optional routing protocols. The last type is called a10nsp
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interface which emulates a layer two provider interface. The term A10 refers to the end-to-end ADSL network
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reference model from TR-025.</p>
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<img alt="BNG Blaster Interfaces" src="../_images/bbl_interfaces.png" />
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<p>This allows for verification of IP reachability by sending bidirectional traffic between all sessions
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on the access interface and the network interface. The network interface is also used to inject downstream
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multicast test traffic for IPTV tests. It is also possible to send RAW traffic streams between network
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interfaces without any access interface defined for non-BNG testing.</p>
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<p>One popular example of non-BNG tests with the BNG Blaster is the verification of a BGP full table by injecting
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around 1M prefixes and setting up traffic streams for all prefixes with at least 1 PPS (1M PPS).
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The BNG Blaster can verify and analyze every single flow with detailed per-flow statistics
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(receive rate, loss, latency, …).</p>
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</section>
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<p>© Copyright 2020-2023, RtBrick, Inc..</p>
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