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<section id="bgp">
<span id="id1"></span><h1>BGP<a class="headerlink" href="#bgp" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol
designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems
(AS) on the internet. BGP is classified as a path-vector routing protocol, and it
makes routing decisions based on paths, network policies, or rule-sets configured
by a network operator.</p>
<section id="configuration">
<h2>Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Following an example BGP configuration with one session.</p>
<div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;interfaces&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;network&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;interface&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;eth1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;address&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.1.2/24&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;gateway&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.1.1&quot;</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;bgp&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;local-ipv4-address&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.1.2&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;peer-ipv4-address&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.1.1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;raw-update-file&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;test.bgp&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;local-as&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">65001</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;peer-as&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">65001</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;bgp&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<table class="colwidths-given docutils align-default">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 25%" />
<col style="width: 50%" />
<col style="width: 25%" />
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Attribute</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Description</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Default</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><cite>network-interface</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP local interface (source-interface)</p></td>
<td><p>first network interface</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><cite>local-ipv4-address</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP local IPv4 address (source-address)</p></td>
<td><p>network interface address</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><cite>local-as</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP local AS</p></td>
<td><p>65000</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><cite>peer-ipv4-address</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP peer address</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><cite>peer-as</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP peer AS</p></td>
<td><p>local AS</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><cite>holdtime</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP holdtime in seconds</p></td>
<td><p>90</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><cite>id</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP identifier</p></td>
<td><p>1.2.3.4</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><cite>reconnect</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP reconnect</p></td>
<td><p>true</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><cite>start-traffic</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP start global traffic after RAW update</p></td>
<td><p>false</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><cite>teardown-time</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP teardown time in seconds</p></td>
<td><p>5</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><cite>raw-update-file</cite></p></td>
<td><p>BGP RAW update file</p></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<section id="bgp-sessions">
<h2>BGP Sessions<a class="headerlink" href="#bgp-sessions" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Every BGP session is opened with the capabilities for the following
address families:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>IPv4 unicast</p></li>
<li><p>IPv4 labelled unicast</p></li>
<li><p>IPv6 unicast</p></li>
<li><p>IPv6 labelled unicast</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="limitations">
<h2>Limitations<a class="headerlink" href="#limitations" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>BGP authentication is currently not supported but already
planned as enhancement in one of the next releases.</p>
</section>
<section id="raw-update-files">
<h2>RAW Update Files<a class="headerlink" href="#raw-update-files" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>The BNG Blaster is able to inject BGP messages from a pre-compiled
RAW update file into the defined sessions. A RAW update file is not
more than a pre-compiled binary stream of BGP messages, typically
but not limited to update messages.</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ +
| |
+ +
| Marker |
+ +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Length | Type | ...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-++++
.
.
.
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ +
| |
+ +
| Marker |
+ +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Length | Type | ...
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-++++
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Those files can be created using the included BGP RAW update generator
script <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bgpupdate</span></code> or manually using libraries like scapy or converters
from PCAP or MRT files.</p>
<p>The configured <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">raw-update-file</span></code> under the BGP session is loaded
during Blaster startup phase and send as soon as the session is
established.</p>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bgp-raw-update</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="../api/index.html#api"><span class="std std-ref">command</span></a> allows to send further updates during
the session lifetime.</p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$</span> <span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">bngblaster-cli</span> <span class="pre">run.sock</span> <span class="pre">bgp-raw-update</span> <span class="pre">file</span> <span class="pre">update1.bgp</span></code></p>
<p>This allows in example to load a full table after session has
started and manually trigger a series of changes using incremental
updates files.</p>
<p>All BGP RAW update files are loaded once and can than be used by
multiple sessions. Meaning if two or more sessions reference the
same file identified by file name, this file is loaded once into
memory and used by multiple sessions.</p>
<p>Therefore for incremental updates, it may makes sense to pre-load
via <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bgp-raw-update-files</span></code> configuration.</p>
<div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;bgp&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;local-ipv4-address&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.1.2&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;peer-ipv4-address&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;10.0.1.1&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;raw-update-file&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;start.bgp&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;local-as&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">65001</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;peer-as&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">65001</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&quot;bgp-raw-update-files&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;update1.bgp&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;update2.bgp&quot;</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"></span>
<span class="p">}</span><span class="w"></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Incremental updates not listed here will be loaded dynamically as soon
as referenced by first session.</p>
</section>
<section id="bgp-raw-update-generator">
<h2>BGP RAW Update Generator<a class="headerlink" href="#bgp-raw-update-generator" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>The BGP RAW update generator is a simple tool to generate BGP RAW update
streams for use with the BNG Blaster.</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ bgpupdate --help
usage: bgpupdate [-h] [-a ASN] -n ADDRESS [-N N] -p PREFIX [-P N] [-m LABEL]
[-M N] [-l LOCAL_PREF] [-f FILE] [-w] [-s STREAMS]
[--stream-tx-label LABEL] [--stream-tx-inner-label LABEL]
[--stream-rx-label LABEL] [--stream-rx-label-num N]
[--stream-threads N] [--stream-pps N]
[--stream-interface IFACE] [--stream-append] [--end-of-rib]
[--append] [--pcap FILE] [--log-level {warning,info,debug}]
The BGP RAW update generator is a simple tool to generate BGP RAW update
streams for use with the BNG Blaster.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-a ASN, --asn ASN autonomous system number
-n ADDRESS, --next-hop-base ADDRESS
next-hop base address (IPv4 or IPv6)
-N N, --next-hop-num N
next-hop count
-p PREFIX, --prefix-base PREFIX
prefix base network (IPv4 or IPv6)
-P N, --prefix-num N prefix count
-m LABEL, --label-base LABEL
label base
-M N, --label-num N label count
-l LOCAL_PREF, --local-pref LOCAL_PREF
local preference
-f FILE, --file FILE output file
-w, --withdraw withdraw prefixes
-s STREAMS, --streams STREAMS
generate BNG Blaster traffic stream file
--stream-tx-label LABEL
stream TX outer label
--stream-tx-inner-label LABEL
stream TX inner label
--stream-rx-label LABEL
stream RX label
--stream-rx-label-num N
stream RX label count
--stream-threads N stream TX threads
--stream-pps N stream packets per seconds
--stream-interface IFACE
stream interface
--stream-append append to stream file if exist
--end-of-rib add end-of-rib message
--append append to file if exist
--pcap FILE write BGP updates to PCAP file
--log-level {warning,info,debug}
logging Level
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The python BGP RAW update generator is a python script which uses
scapy to build BGP messages. Therefore this tool can be easily
modified, extend or used as blueprint for your own tools to generate
valid BGP update streams.</p>
<p>The following example shows how to generate a BGP update stream
with IPv4 and labelled IPv6 prefixes (6PE).</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>100000 x IPv4 prefixes over 1000 next-hops</p></li>
<li><p>50000 x IPv6 prefixes over 1000 next-hops with 1000 different labels (label per next-hop)</p></li>
<li><p>50000 x IPv6 prefixes over 1000 next-hops with label 2</p></li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bgpupdate -f test.bgp -a 65001 -n 10.0.0.1 -N 1000 -p 10.1.0.0/24 -P 100000
bgpupdate -f test.bgp -a 65001 -n 10.0.0.1 -N 1000 -m 20001 -M 1000 -p fc66:1::/48 -P 50000 --append
bgpupdate -f test.bgp -a 65001 -n 10.0.0.1 -N 1000 -m 2 -p fc66:2::/48 -P 50000 --append --end-of-rib
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Per default the file is replaced but the option <cite>–append</cite> allows to append to an existing file.
The last update to an file should include the option <cite>–end-of-rib</cite> (optional).</p>
<p>The option <cite>–streams &lt;file&gt;</cite> (<cite>-s</cite>) automatically generates corresponding traffic streams
for all prefixes. Per default this file is replaced but the option <cite>–stream-append</cite> allows
to append to an existing file.</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>bgpupdate -f test.bgp -a 65001 -n 10.0.0.1 -N 1000 -p 10.1.0.0/24 -P 100000 -s streams.json
bgpupdate -f test.bgp -a 65001 -n 10.0.0.1 -N 1000 -m 20001 -M 1000 -p fc66:1::/48 -P 50000 --append -s streams.json --stream-append
bgpupdate -f test.bgp -a 65001 -n 10.0.0.1 -N 1000 -m 2 -p fc66:2::/48 -P 50000 --append --end-of-rib -s streams.json --stream-append
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>There are several options supported to further define the traffic streams like PPS and expected RX labels.</p>
</section>
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