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138 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
138 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
source: Alerting/Rules.md
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path: blob/master/doc/
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# Rules
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Rules are defined using a logical language.
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The GUI provides a simple way of creating rules.
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Creating more complicated rules which may include maths calculations
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and MySQL queries can be done using [macros](Macros.md)
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#### Video on how the alert rules work in LibreNMS
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[Alert Rules](https://youtu.be/ryv0j8GEkhM)
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#### Video on how to use alert rule with wildcards
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[Alert Rules wildcard](https://youtu.be/eYYioFNcrAk)
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## Syntax
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Rules must consist of at least 3 elements: An __Entity__, a __Condition__ and a __Value__.
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Rules can contain braces and __Glues__.
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__Entities__ are provided from Table and Field from the database. For Example: `ports.ifOperStatus`.
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__Conditions__ can be any of:
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- Equals `=`
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- Not Equals `!=`
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- In `IN`
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- Not In `NOT IN`
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- Begins with `LIKE ('...%')`
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- Doesn't begin with `NOT LIKE ('...%')`
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- Contains `LIKE ('%...%')`
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- Doesn't Contain `NOT LIKE ('%...%')`
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- Ends with `LIKE ('%...')`
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- Doesn't end with `NOT LIKE ('%...')`
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- Between `BETWEEN`
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- Not Between `NOT BETWEEN`
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- Is Empty `= ''`
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- Is Not Empty `!= '''`
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- Is Null `IS NULL`
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- Is Not Null `IS NOT NULL`
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- Greater `>`
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- Greater or Equal `>=`
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- Less `<`
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- Less or Equal `<=`
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- Regex `REGEXP`
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__Values__ can be an entity or any data. If using macros as value you
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must include the macro name into backticks. i.e. \`macros.past_60m\`
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__Note__: Regex supports MySQL Regular expressions.
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Arithmetics are allowed as well.
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## Options
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Here are some of the other options available when adding an alerting rule:
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- Rule name: The name associated with the rule.
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- Severity: How "important" the rule is.
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- Max alerts: The maximum number of alerts sent for the event. `-1` means unlimited.
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- Delay: The amount of time in seconds to wait after a rule is matched
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before sending an alert out transport.
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- Interval: The interval of time in seconds between alerts for an
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event until Max alert is reached.
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- Mute alerts: Disables sending alert rule through alert
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transport. But will still show the alert in the Web UI.
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- Invert match: Invert the matching rule (ie. alert on items that
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_don't match the rule).
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- Recovery alerts: This will disable the recovery notification from
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being sent if turned off.
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## Advanced
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On the Advanced tab, you can specify some additional options for the alert rule:
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- Override SQL: Enable this if you using a custom query
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- Query: The query to be used for the alert.
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- An example of this would be an average rule for all CPUs over 10%
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```sql
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SELECT *,AVG(processors.processor_usage) as cpu_avg FROM devices,processors WHERE (devices.device_id = ? AND devices.device_id = processors.device_id) AND (devices.status = 1 && (devices.disabled = 0 && devices.ignore = 0)) = 1 HAVING AVG(processors.processor_usage) > 10
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```
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> The 10 would then contain the average CPU usage value, you can
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> change this value to be whatever you like.
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- You will to need copy and paste this into the Alert Rule under
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Advanced then paste into Query box and switch the Override SQL.
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## Procedure
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You can associate a rule to a procedure by giving the URL of the
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procedure when creating the rule. Only links like "http://" are
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supported, otherwise an error will be returned. Once configured,
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procedure can be opened from the Alert widget through the "Open"
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button, which can be shown/hidden from the widget configuration box.
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## Examples
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Alert when:
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- Device goes down: `devices.status != 1`
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- Any port changes: `ports.ifOperStatus != 'up'`
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- Root-directory gets too full: `storage.storage_descr = '/' AND
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storage.storage_perc >= '75'`
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- Any storage gets fuller than the 'warning': `storage.storage_perc >= storage_perc_warn`
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- If device is a server and the used storage is above the warning
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level, but ignore /boot partitions: `storage.storage_perc >
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storage.storage_perc_warn AND devices.type = "server" AND
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storage.storage_descr != "/boot"`
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- VMware LAG is not using "Source ip address hash" load balancing:
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`devices.os = "vmware" AND ports.ifType = "ieee8023adLag" AND
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ports.ifDescr REGEXP "Link Aggregation .*, load balancing algorithm:
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Source ip address hash"`
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- Syslog, authentication failure during the last 5m:
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`syslog.timestamp >= macros.past_5m AND syslog.msg REGEXP ".*authentication failure.*"`
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- High memory usage: `macros.device_up = 1 AND mempools.mempool_perc >=
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90 AND mempools.mempool_descr REGEXP "Virtual.*"`
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- High CPU usage(per core usage, not overall): `macros.device_up
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= 1 AND processors.processor_usage >= 90`
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- High port usage, where description is not client & ifType is not
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softwareLoopback: `macros.port_usage_perc >= 80 AND
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port.port_descr_type != "client" AND ports.ifType != "softwareLoopback"`
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- Alert when mac address is located on your network `ipv4_mac.mac_address = "2c233a756912"`
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## Alert Rules Collection
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You can also select Alert Rule from the Alerts Collection. These Alert
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Rules are submitted by users in the community :) If would like to
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submit your alert rules to the collection, please submit them here [Alert Rules Collection](https://github.com/librenms/librenms/blob/master/misc/alert_rules.json)
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