librenms-librenms/doc/Extensions/Auto-Discovery.md

source: Extensions/Auto-Discovery.md
# Auto Discovery Support

### Getting Started

LibreNMS provides the ability to automatically add devices on your network, we can do this via
a few methods which will be explained below and also indicate if they are enabled by default.

All discovery methods run when discovery runs (every 6 hours by default and within 5 minutes for new devices).

> Please note that you need at least ONE device added before auto-discovery will work.

The first thing to do though is add the required configuration options to `config.php`.

### SNMP Details

To add devices automatically we need to know your snmp details, examples of SNMP v1, v2c and v3 are below:

```php
// v1 or v2c
$config['snmp']['community'][] = "my_custom_community";
$config['snmp']['community'][] = "another_community";

// v3
$config['snmp']['v3'][0]['authlevel'] = 'authPriv';
$config['snmp']['v3'][0]['authname'] = 'my_username';
$config['snmp']['v3'][0]['authpass'] = 'my_password';
$config['snmp']['v3'][0]['authalgo'] = 'MD5';
$config['snmp']['v3'][0]['cryptopass'] = 'my_crypto';
$config['snmp']['v3'][0]['cryptoalgo'] = 'AES';
```

These details will be attempted when adding devices, you can specify any mixture of these.

### Allowed Networks
#### Your Networks

To add devices, we need to know what are your subnets so we don't go blindly attempting to add devices not
under your control.

```php
$config['nets'][] = '192.168.0.0/24';
$config['nets'][] = '172.2.4.0/22';
```

### Exclusions

If you have added a network as above but a single device exists within it that you can't auto
add, then you can exclude this with the following:

```php
$config['autodiscovery']['nets-exclude'][] = '192.168.0.1/32';
```

## Additional Options
#### Discovering devices by IP

By default we don't add devices by IP address, we look for a reverse dns name to be found and add with that. If this fails
and you would like to still add devices automatically then you will need to set `$config['discovery_by_ip'] = true;`

#### Short hostnames

If your devices only return a short hostname such as lax-fa0-dc01 but the full name should be lax-fa0-dc01.example.com then you can
set `$config['mydomain'] = 'example.com';`

#### Allow Duplicate sysName

By default we require unique sysNames when adding devices (this is returned over snmp by your devices). If you would like to allow
devices to be added with duplicate sysNames then please set `$config['allow_duplicate_sysName'] = true;`.


## Discovery Methods
Below are the methods for auto discovering devices.  Each one can be enabled or disabled and may have additional configuration options.

### ARP
Disabled by default.

Adds devices that are listed in another device's arp table.  This module depends on the arp-table module being enabled and returning data.

To enable, switch on globally the `$config['discovery_modules']['discovery-arp'] = true;` or per device within the Modules section.

### XDP
Enabled by default.

`$config['autodiscovery']['xdp'] = false;` to disable.

This includes FDP, CDP and LLDP support based on the device type.

Devices may be excluded from xdp discovery by sysName and sysDescr.

```php
//Exclude devices by name
$config['autodiscovery']['xdp_exclude']['sysname_regexp'][] = '/host1/';
$config['autodiscovery']['xdp_exclude']['sysname_regexp'][] = '/^dev/';

//Exclude devices by description
$config['autodiscovery']['xdp_exclude']['sysdesc_regexp'][] = '/Vendor X/';
$config['autodiscovery']['xdp_exclude']['sysdesc_regexp'][] = '/Vendor Y/';
```

Devices may be excluded from cdp discovery by platform.

```php
//Exclude devices by platform(Cisco only)
$config['autodiscovery']['cdp_exclude']['platform_regexp'][] = '/WS-C3750G/';
```

These devices are excluded by default:

```php
$config['autodiscovery']['xdp_exclude']['sysdesc_regexp'][] = '/-K9W8-/'; // Cisco Lightweight Access Point
$config['autodiscovery']['cdp_exclude']['platform_regexp'][] = '/^Cisco IP Phone/'; //Cisco IP Phone
```

### OSPF
Enabled by default.

`$config['autodiscovery']['ospf'] = false;` to disable.

### BGP
Enabled by default.

`$config['autodiscovery']['bgp'] = false;` to disable.

This module is invoked from bgp-peers discovery module.

### SNMP Scan
Apart from the aforementioned Auto-Discovery options, LibreNMS is also able to proactively scan a network for SNMP-enabled devices using the configured version/credentials.

SNMP Scan will scan `$config['nets']` by default and respects `$config['autodiscovery']['nets-exclude']`.

To run the SNMP-Scanner you need to execute the `snmp-scan.py` from within your LibreNMS installation directory.

Here the script's help-page for reference:
```text
usage: snmp-scan.py [-h] [-r NETWORK] [-t THREADS] [-l] [-v]

Scan network for snmp hosts and add them to LibreNMS.

optional arguments:
  -h, --help     show this help message and exit
  -r NETWORK     CIDR noted IP-Range to scan. Can be specified multiple times
                 This argument is only required if $config['nets'] is not set
                 Example: 192.168.0.0/24 Example: 192.168.0.0/31 will be
                 treated as an RFC3021 p-t-p network with two addresses,
                 192.168.0.0 and 192.168.0.1 Example: 192.168.0.1/32 will be
                 treated as a single host address
  -t THREADS     How many IPs to scan at a time. More will increase the scan
                 speed, but could overload your system. Default: 32
  -l, --legend   Print the legend.
  -v, --verbose  Show debug output. Specifying multiple times increases the
                 verbosity.

```